Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class-7,Chapter-2 (The Impact of British Rule?

               

Bangladesh and Global Studies

Written by: Mohammad Arif Mohiuddin , Phone : +8801553516901

1.What is Industrial Revelation?

Ans: The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power , the increasing use of steam power and the development of machine tools.

2.What was the impact of Industrial Revolution over the Garment Industry?

Ans: The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth.

   Textiles – Mechanized cotton spinning powered by steam or water increased the output of a worker by a factor of about 1000. The power loom increased the output of a worker by a factor of over 40.The cotton gin increased productivity or removing seed from cotton by a factor of 50.Large gains in productivity also occurred in spinning and weaving of wool and linen, but they were not as great as in cotton.

3.How the English compelled the Bengal farmers to cultivate indigo?

Ans: The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way.It influenced garments industry production rapidly.

      Due to increase of machine looms in England, the demand of indigo also expanded.The English started to compel the farmers to cultivate indigo.Cultivating indigo in the agricultural land was harmful for the farmers .Besides,the price given by the English was not sufficient to meet the production cost.Moreover, food crisis was sure due to less production of rice,wheat,etc.If indigo plants were cultivated in the soil.So the farmers were not willing to cultivate indigo. Consequently ,to compel the Bengal farmers to cultivate indigo,the English adopted various means of oppression.

4.What was the impact of indigo cultivation over food cultivation?

Ans : Plundering the resources from Bengal, the English began to establish industries in their own country. Thus,industrial revolution started in the western world.The inventions of steam engine, machines loom etc. also contributed significantly to the Industrial Revolution. At that time, most of the clothes were white.To whiten those clothes or to keep them white, indigo, which was extracted from one kinds of plants, was very effective. These plants used to grow easily in our country.

     Due to increase of machine looms in England, the demand of indigo also expanded.The English started to compel the farmers to cultivate indigo.Cultivating indigo in the agricultural land was harmful for the farmers .Besides,the price given by the English was not sufficient to meet the production cost.Moreover, food crisis was sure due to less production of rice,wheat,etc.If indigo plants were cultivated in the soil.So the farmers were not willing to cultivate indigo. Consequently ,to compel the Bengal farmers to cultivate indigo,the English adopted various means of oppression.

5.What did the Ishwarchandra Gupta tell about the indigo cultivator?

Ans:Ishwarchandra Gupta the famous poet of that time told,"How the indigo planters oppressed the farmers /the indigo took all they had/ It wasn't easy to understand the masters ' ploy/".

6.What is Nildarphan? 

Ans: Dinabondhu Mitra wrote a play called "Nildarpan".In this play, the heartrending and vivid picture of oppression on the indigo cultivators has been portrayed very clearly.